Diane Arbus: The picture seems to be placed early before digital, so maybe the photo was taken with film. The picture looks like it was taken without posing, therefore i think it was taken in the moment, and she did not have the time to set up artificial lighting. The only "prop" may be the mask, or maybe it was at a masquerade ball. The photo seems to me little to none photo shopping, but it does look like Diane Arbus used drastic contrasting in her picture, and her technique of having these "regular" people catch your eye and make you become interested. This picture looks like Diane Arbus took it by herself. 
Valerie Jouve: This picture looks like it was taken wit a digital camera. Again the photo seems to be more natural, and since the model is outside with lots of available lighting i do not think she used any artificial lighting. I don't think there are any props involved in this picture. Maybe she used slight photoshop but mostly this picture looks unedited, or at least the exposure was perfected. Jouve used a lot of regualr looking people near gates or walls, and singles them out, and makes them interesting because you wonder why they are where they are, and what is interesting them. The photographer looks like she worked alone. 
Man Ray: This picture looks like it was taken with a film camera. In this picture it looks more staged so maybe there was artificial lighting used. The glass "tears" are props in this picture. Unlike the other two photos this photograph looks edited, changing the exposure, and maybe making it more contrasted. Man Ray seems to of worked alone
Take another look at the last sentence of your Man Ray examination; otherwise, this looks very good.
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